Floor and ceiling construction for fireproof buildings.



No. 897,253. PATENTAED AUG. 25, 1908.

L. HERMANN. FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION I'OR IIRBPROOF BUILDINGS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5, 1907.

ATTORNEYS.

"UNirnn sfrarn Leist HERMANN, or New Yoan, N. Y.

FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION FOR FIREPROOF BUILDINGS.

Specification of Letters PatentA Patented Aug. 25, 1908.

Original application filed February 4, 1907, Serial No. 355,530. Divided and this application filed June 5, 1907. Serial No. 377,289.

To all whom it vmay concern.'

Be it known that I, LEIBU HERMANN, a subject of the King of Roumania, and residing at ew York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful In'iprovements in Floor and Ceilingr (`onstruction for Fireproof Buildings, o' which the followingV is a specification, such as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appcrtains to make and use the same. A This invention relates to lirep'roof buildings which involve the use of reinforced concrete and particularly to the lloor and ceiling construction of buildings of this class, and the object thereof is to provide a floor and ceilingr construction l'orlniildingrs of this class which possesses the greatest possible amount oll strength in proportion to the amount of material employed, and in which the floor and ceiling construction or the reinforced concrete thereof is arrai'ig'red in panels formed by I-beams which cross each other at right angles and which are supported by columns or posts placed beneath 'the crossings of the I-beanis.

This application is a division of application No. 35553() tiled Feb. 4, 1907, and the invention which forms the subject matter of this application is fully described and claimed in the followingY specification of which thc accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a section of floor and ceilingl construction involving my improvement; Fie'. 2 a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1..

The improvement which forms the basis of Vthis application involves in its simplest forni a singlel layer oll reinforcing' material placed in the concrete of the loor and ceilingr construction, and comprising rods or bars afrrangred in parallelograms over the columns which support the loor and ceiling construction, and between said columns and in theI panels formed by the I-bcams and columns or posts. r1he parallelograms of reinforcing material over the, columns and between the columns being in the top portion of the concrete while the parallelograms of reinforcing material in the middle of the panels beinzcr in the bottom portion of the. concrete, and in this form of construction, I also employ conand over said beams a.

tinuous rods or bars which cross each other in opposite directions and which are arranged in the bottom portion of the concrete at the opposite sides of the columns and beams and corresponding l'loor and ceiling` material and which divide the iioor and ceilingv construction into parallelograms in which tbc reinforcing material is placed; and in this form of construction the central portion of the panels are also preferably formed separately and reinforced separately.

In the practice of my invention as shown in the drawing I provide a floor and ceiling construction for 'reproof buildings which comprises I-beams a supported by columns c2 and bymeans of which the said Vfloor and ceiling' construction is divided into panels. The lloor and ceiling' construction or the reinforcing" material thereof is divided in parallelogrrams formed by continuous rods or bars c, two or more of which. are employed and which cross each other at right angles and which arc arranged on the opposite sides of The continuous rods or bars c are placed in the bottom 'portion of the floor and ceiling construction, and over the beams and between the columns (L2, and in the top portion of the concrete forming the floor and ceiling construction, and over the beams and between the columns are placed parallelograms f of reinforcing material composed of rods or bars which may cross each other and which are preferably tied together as shown at f2, and over the columns 12, are placed other parallelograms g of reinforcingr material which preferably consist of parallel rods or bars which cross each other and may be tied together as shown at g2, if desired.

In each of the `panel/s or spaces formed by the beams a is a central block livr which is rectangular inform and which is preferably formed separately and separately reinforced by reinforcing material 71T placed in the bottom portion thereof and composed of rods or bars which cross each other at right angles and which are preferably tied. together as shown at h. In this forni of construction, the concrete lloor andy ceiling c nistruction directly over the columns off and beams d. is thicker than elsewhere, and this thickness gradually tapers or `rows less as indicated by the lines i in Figs. 2 and 3 toward the four sides of the panels formed by the rods or bars c and this forms four radial corners ofthe ceiling` construction around the tops' of the columns c? which are indicated by the dotted and although, I have described the columns lines in 1.

From the foregoing description it Will be seen that this construction involves the cen tral blocks or parallelograms h centrally of the panels or spaces formed by the beams (1v in which the reinforcing' material placed in E of any other desired shape.

the bottom of the floor and ceiling` construction, and tnat the reinforcingI material in the other portion of the fioor and ceiling construction is placed in the top portion thereof except in the case of the rods or bars e which cross each other at right angles between the beams a and at a predetermined distance therefrom and dividing the whole loor and ceiling construction into separate blocks or panels said rods or bars c being in the bottom portion of the loor and ceiling construction.

Although I have described the a rrangement of reinforcing material as composed of separate parallelograms or subdivisions of rods or bars arrangr-d over the columns and beams and some of which may consist of rods or bars arranged parallel only and others of rods or bars which cross each other in opposite directions, it will be apparent that these separate parallelograms or sub-divisions of reinforcing materiall may be composed of wire netting, expanded metal or other equivalent forms of construction, and While lhave used the Word parallelograms as describing the arrangement of the se uarate sub-(livr sions of reinforcing material, the said separate subdivisions are not necessarily parallelograms as Will be understood, and the plan thereof may be of any desired shape or form.

The idea of making the central port-ions of panels separate is to obtain a certain location of the point of inflection in the panels, and in this form of my improvement the point of inflection is at the joint. I understand by point of inflection the point Where the tensile stress passes from the bottom to the top of the panel. This tensile stress is taken up by the metal reinforcement. The location of the point of inflection being given, the figuring of the floor and ceiling is simple and eertain, and I am able to use the least amount of material for the required strength.

A floor and ceiling construction made in this manner may be made of any desired strength, the strength and resistingl quality depending entirely on the amount of material employed and the proximity of the members Which vmake up the separate subdivisions of the reinforcement or reinforcing material Which is placed in the concrete.

Although, I have described I-beams as laced in the floor and ceiling construction for dividing the same into panels, it Will be apparent that any desired form of beams may be employed and these beams may be composed of reinforced concrete, if desired,

or posts as placed under the crossings ofthe I-beams, it is not absolutely necessary that Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A floor and ceilingconstruction composed of reinforced concrete supported by columns and beams or similar supports which divide the floor and ceiling construction into panels, the. central portion of each panel being composed of a block of reinforced, concrete, said block having no connection with the concrete. of the floor panel, but being supported therein by the form of the tace Wa ls ofthe block and of the corresponding face* Walls of the opening in the concrete of the floor panel, in Which the block is placed, the reinforcing material in the main part of the `floor and ceiling construction outside ot the central block consisting of rods or bars arranged in top and bottom layers, the top layer of rods or bars being` placed over the columns and over the beams, the bottom layer of rods or bars being )laced around the central block between an over the beams; the reinforcing material in the central block consisting of rods or bars placed in the bottom portion thereof.

2. A ioor and ceiling construction composed of reinforced concrete supported by columns and beams or similar supports which divide the floor and ceiling construction into panels, the central portion of each panelbeing composed of a block of reinforced con@ crete, said block having no connection with the concrete of the anel or reinforcing material thereof, but eing supported therein by the form of its face AWalls `and of the corresponding face' Walls of the opening in the panel in which it is placed, the reinforcin material in the mam part of the pane around said o ening being arranged in top and bottom ayers, the top layer being placed over the columns and overthe beams, and the bottom layer being placed around the central block between and over the beams, and the reinforcing material in the block being placed in the bottom portion thereof.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in It is also not presence of the subscribing Witnesses this 3rd day of May 1907.

LEIBU HERMANN. 'j 

